Complex Multivitamin Supplementation Improves Homocysteine and Resistance to LDL-C Oxidation
Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol. 22, No. 5, 400-407 (2003)
Published by the American College of Nutrition

Original Research
Complex Multivitamin Supplementation Improves Homocysteine and Resistance to LDL-C Oxidation
Conrad P. Earnest, PhD, Kherrin A. Wood, BS and Timothy S. Church, MD, MPH, PhD
The Cooper Institute, Dallas Texas
Address reprint requests to: Conrad P. Earnest, PhD, The Cooper Institute, 12330 Preston Road, Dallas, TX 75230. E-mail: cearnest@cooperinst.org

Objective: We previously reported in an open-label pilot trial that a 24-ingredient multivitamin formula favorably influenced homocysteine concentration and LDL-C oxidation indices following 24 weeks of supplementation. Our current aim was to more thoroughly examine this same formula in a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical study.

Methods: We examined 182 participants for selected plasma vitamin concentrations and clinically relevant variables including homocysteine, lipids and LDL-C oxidation indices at baseline and six months.

Results: We found no significant differences between groups for any parameter at baseline. Following six months of vitamin supplementation, we observed elevations in plasma concentrations of vitamin B6 (as pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; PLP), vitamin B12, folate, vitamin C, vitamin E and ß-carotene (p < 0.0001), all of which were significantly greater than respective placebo group changes (p < 0.0001). Homocysteine decreased in the treatment (8.38 ± 2.9 vs. 6.93 ± 2.5 µmol/L; p < 0.0001) and placebo group (8.17 ± 3.0 vs. 7.42 ± 2.2 µmol/L; p < 0.0001) from baseline to six months, respectively, with reductions in the treatment group being greater than placebo (p < 0.008). LDL-C oxidation indices were also improved as LDL-C oxidation rate was decreased (-0.39 µmol/min/g protein; p < 0.0003) and LDL-C lag time increased (11.3 min; p < 0.003) in supplemented participants. Further analysis also showed that LDL-C oxidation rate was lower (p < 0.0007) and LDL-C lag time longer (p < 0.0001) for the vitamin group than placebo treatment after six months.

Conclusion: We conclude that a multi-ingredient vitamin formula with antioxidant properties has measurable effects on homocysteine and LDL-C oxidation indices.

Key words: multivitamin, homocysteine, LDL-C oxidation

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